Dyeing of polyester with disperse dye (HTHT Method)

Theory: Disperse dyes are non-ionic in nature, almost insoluble and stay as finely divided dispersed from in water. It can be hydrolyzed in high temperature especially under alkaline condition. Therefore dyeing with disperse dyes is virtually always done using slightly acedia condition.

It is a unique dye staff for dyeing of polyester, nylon and cellulose acetate fiber. These colorants have inherent affinity to the fiber and are simply mechanically trapped in the fiber structure during dyeing of a hydrophobic fabric contents that the fiber absorbs dye molecule, which are dissolved in the dye both.

Recipe:

Disperse Dyes = 2% (owf)

Carrier   = 2 g/l

Wetting agent = 1 g/l

Sequestering agent = 1 g/l

Levelling agent = 1 g/l

CH₃COOH  = 1 g/l

Ph  = 4.5 – 5.5

Temp = 130°C

Time = 30 min

Sample weight =5 gm

Reduction & Cleaning:

NaOH    = 3 g/l

Hydroze = 2 g/l

Temp = 70°C

Time = 10 min

Neutralization:

CH₃COOH = 1 g/l

Temp = 50°C

Time = 10 min

Friction of the chemicalrequired:

Wetting agent: It accelerates the wettability of material in solution thus helps to easy penetration of chemicals into substrate. Usually it is used in scouring, bleaching & dyeing process. It is available in market in from of yellowish liquid.

Sequestering agent: it one kind of surface active agent act in solid liquid, solid gas or liquid gas interfaces and reduces the interfacial tension.

Dispersing agent: using it is used in disperse and vat dyeing process helps to distribute the dye molecules in dye both. It is also helps to penetrate the dye molecules into the substrate. It is available in market in powder from.

Fabric type - DIssperse
Fabric Name - Polyester
color - REd

Recipe calculation:

Dye: 100 gm fabric for 2 gm dye

           1     gm        “     “    2/100 “

            5   gm        “   “         2×5 / 100 “ = 0.1 gm

Water: 200 gm [ m:L = 1:40]

Dispersing agent ,    1000 CC water,  Dispersing agent  required = 2 gm

                                   1              “              “               “      =2 / 1000 “

                                    200          “                “             “      = 2 × 200 / 1000    gm = 0.4g

Wetting agent ,    1000 CC water,  wetting agent  required = 1 gm

                                   1              “              “               “      =1 / 1000 “

                                    200          “                “             “      = 1× 200 / 1000    gm = 0.2g

Similarity,

Sequestering agent = 0.2 g/l

Levelling agent = 0.2 g/l

CH₃COOH = 0.2 g/l

Reduction & cleaning:

NaOH = 0.6 gm

Hydroze = 0.4 gm

Neutralization:

CH₃COOH = 0.2 g/l

Conclusion: The addition of dispersing agent increase the dye solubility and accelerate the dye diffusion into the swelled fiber structure. The dye diffusion can be detained either. Using a suitable currier or providing high temperature and pressure.

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